Rand Simberg has a great article on one of the most under-reported problems at GM,
Ford and Chrysler – lack of productivity. As Simberg correctly notes, almost
all the criticism directed at the UAW is over wages (i.e. that workers at
American car companies are paid an average of $70+ per hour (including benefits),
while American workers at Japanese car companies get compensated in the $40 an
hour range), while the real problem is their lack of productivity. If they were
more productive than their Toyota counterpart (or even as productive, or,
possibly, just more productive than they are now), then the big three might not
be in a death spiral now. But as they say, a picture is worth a thousand
statistics, so check out a couple of anecdotes from the shop floor by a former
GM line manager:
“One afternoon I was helping oversee the plant while upper management was
off site. The workers brought an RV into the loading yard with a female
“entertainer” who danced for them and then “entertained” them in the RV. With
no other management around, I went to labor relations for assistance. As a
twenty-five-year-old woman, I was not about to try to break up a crowd of fifty
rowdy men. The labor relations rep pulled out the work rules and asked me which
of the rules the men were breaking. I read through the rules and none applied
directly, of course. Who wrote work rules to cover prostitutes at lunch? The
only “legal” cause I had was an unauthorized vehicle and person and that blame
did not fall on the union workers who were being “entertained” but on the security
guards at the gate. Not one person suffered any consequence.”
and:
“Another employee in the plant urinated on the feet of his
supervisor as a protest to discipline. He was, of course, fired …that is until
the union negotiated and got his job back.”
Imagine
that - prostitutes at work and pissing on bosses! And we wonder what’s wrong with
GM.
These
stories are so incredible that, quite frankly, I wouldn’t believe them if I
hadn’t myself worked four summers at unionized factories when I was going to
school. While I (unfortunately) didn’t run into any hookers on the job, I did
see widespread employee theft, liquid lunches on weekend shifts (one summer
student - nicknamed the Photon Torpedo - drank 12 beers in one hour), craps
games on night shift and I even heard rumours of power plant operators zonked
out on acid. Of course, more run-of-the-mill stuff like work-to-rule, sick
leave abuse and not-in-my-job-description-so-I-can’t-do-it was merely routine.
All this
reminds me of an incident in high school. A classmate went to work at the GM’s
Scarborough Van Plant for a week on a student exchange. When he got back the electronics
teacher asked him what he did there. He replied:
“Nothing.”
“Nothing?”
“I was
paired up with a mechanic and we spent our days hiding from the foreman.”
“Well, even
so, you must have done something during the week?”
“Nope. We
didn’t do anything at all. Not a thing.”
Needless to
say, the Scarborough van plant closed up in the 90’s... I believe for being
unproductive.
Meanwhile,
what is it like at Toyota?
“In San Antonio,
the Toyota Tundra plant lay idle for three months this fall, though Toyota
hasn't laid off anyone. Instead, according to Richard Perez, president and CEO
of the Greater San Antonio Chamber of Commerce, Toyota offered the city ‘a
whole bunch of folks who need to get busy’ (San Antonio put them to work on
beautification projects).”
In Ontario,
when GM or Ford have to temporarily shut a plant down, the workers sit at home collecting
pogey (i.e. they get paid by the federal government) and then get their benefits
topped up to 90% by the company. The Champaign corks must be popping whenever
the layoff notices appear.
The reason,
Toyota can keep do things like farm out their employees to the city is because
they have only one category of worker on the factory floor, ‘production,’ so
they can get them to do whatever needs doing at that moment. At the big three,
every job is hemmed in by a job description. I can take this pencil from A to B
but I can’t take it from B to C. If I did that I would be depriving somebody of
their job, and that would be wrong.
As one
economist once put it, when a trend can’t continue, it won’t. And if anything
is unsustainable it is high wages and low productivity in the face of
competition. Caterpillar deunionized in the early 90’s and is currently doing
fine (considering the economy). It’s time for the big three to do the same.
A few more
good articles on this subject are here and here.